Destruction of the ozone layer is one of the environmental problems currently facing the world. Since the 1970s, it has received attention from all over the world. Since 1995, September 16 has been designated as "International Day for the Protection of the Ozone Layer."

 

Ozone (O3) is a smelly gas, light blue at room temperature. In the stratosphere of the atmosphere, there is an ozone layer with a high ozone content at a height of 15 to 35 kilometers from the ground. It is like a huge filter that can absorb and filter out harmful ultraviolet rays in the sun, effectively protecting the earth Survival of creatures. In 1985, British scientists discovered for the first time that the average ozone content over Antarctica decreased by about 50% from September to October, and it appeared periodically. The Arctic ozone layer is also depleted.

　

The main hazards of ozone layer depletion to human health and the living environment are: a large amount of ultraviolet radiation directly radiates the ground, which leads to an increase in the incidence of human skin cancer and cataracts, and inhibits the function of the human immune system; damage to crops reduces production, affecting food production and food supply; destruction The food chain of the marine ecosystem leads to the destruction of the ecological balance.

　　

Scientists believe that the reduction in ozone is caused by the discharge of chlorofluorocarbons (such as Freon) and bromine-containing halogenated alkanes (halons) into the atmosphere by human activities. Freon is not produced by itself in nature, but is produced and diffused by humans in the process of industrial production. It is used for refrigerants, aerosols, organic solvents and foaming in refrigeration devices. Halon is used as a fire extinguishing agent. At present, my country and other countries in the world are taking measures to phase out harmful substances such as Freon and Halon that destroy the ozone layer.

　　

An American environmental scientist predicted that if humans do not take measures, by 2075, 150 million people worldwide will suffer from skin cancer, of which more than 3 million will die; more than 18 million will suffer from cataracts, and crop production will be reduced. 7.5%; aquatic products will be reduced by 25%; material loss will reach 4.7 billion US dollars; the incidence of photochemical smog will increase by 30%.

　　

The high-altitude ozone layer is a protective layer, but the ozone near the ground and low-altitude is a pollutant. The increase in low-level ozone content can cause photochemical smog, which harms forests, crops, buildings, etc. Ozone can also directly cause human body disorders and poisoning.

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FATECH ELECTRONIC LTD.

Oct. 19, 2020